Weekly Market Commentary December 23, 2024 The Markets But that’s not what I wanted! Last week, markets were about as happy as a toddler opening a gift they didn’t like. The first upsetting event followed the Federal Reserve (Fed)’s final policy meeting for 2024. The Fed met expectations by lowering its policy rate one-quarter of a percentage point, as many economists had anticipated. The federal funds rate is now a full percentage point lower than it was at the start of September. In later remarks, Fed Chair Jerome Powell confirmed the United States economy remained strong, the jobs market remained solid, and progress had been made toward the Fed’s inflation goals. That was all good news. The upset came when Powell pointed out that inflation remained higher than the central bank’s target and the Fed will “be more cautious as we consider further adjustments to our policy rate.” Powell’s statement was reflected in the “dot plot,” a scatter chart showing projections for the federal funds rate over the next three years. The chart suggested there may be only two rate cuts in 2025, which is fewer than markets had hoped. “Stocks tumbled 3 [percent] and bonds plunged too, sending yields on benchmark 10-year Treasuries to their highest in seven months…Of course, Powell’s remarks…weren’t a total blindside. Economic data has been hinting at a resilient U.S. economy, while inflation has remained stubbornly above the Fed’s 2 [percent] target. In the $29 trillion U.S. bond market, traders had pushed yields up some 75 basis points on the 10-year Treasury since the central bank first started cutting rates in mid-September,” reported Liz Capo McCormick, Michael Mackenzie, Jess Menton, and Alexandra Semenova of Bloomberg. The markets’ malaise deepened as the specter of a holiday government shutdown appeared. “The S&P 500 dipped late Wednesday…after [Elon] Musk and [President-elect Donald] Trump derailed the original spending deal,” reported Anita Hamilton, Liz Moyer, Bill Alpert, and Callum Keown of Barron’s. A fast-tracked second deal also failed. The chance of a shutdown loomed as markets closed for the week, but policymakers passed a stopgap funding bill just after midnight, reported Christina Wilkie of CNBC. Markets were concerned because government shutdowns hurt the American economy. “A shutdown at the end of 2018 that ran through the new year was partial because five of the government’s 12 appropriation bills had been funded. Even still, the shutdown…reduced the U.S. gross domestic product by $11 billion, according to the Congressional Budget Office,” reported Dan Rosenzweig-Ziff of The Washington Post. Investors’ spirits lifted on Friday after the Fed’s favorite inflation gauge was released. The Personal Consumption Expenditures Index showed that headline inflation was 2.4 percent year over year, slightly higher than the previous month. However, core inflation, which excludes food and energy, cooled significantly month to month. Last week, major U.S. stock indices finished lower. The yield on the 10-year U.S. Treasury rose last week, steepening the yield curve, reported Liz Capo McCormick of Bloomberg. | 
